The Inheritance of Human Traits in the Qur’an Based on the Scientific Interpretation of Zaghlūl Rāghib Muḥammad an-Najjār

Authors

  • Juhrah M. Arib Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Manado, Indonesia
  • Nikmatul Khairiyah Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Datokrama Palu, Indonesia
  • M. Suryadinata Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Sabil Mokodenseho Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1313-3673

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29240/alquds.v6i2.4199

Keywords:

Inheritance of Human Traits, Zaghlūl an-Najjār, Adam and Eve.

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the inheritance of human traits in the Qur’an, specifically at Surah An-Nisa verse 1, based on the scientific interpretation of ZaghlÅ«l an-NajjÄr. This study discusses ZaghlÅ«l an-NajjÄr because he is a geologist and Muslim scholar who has written many books related to science in the Qur’an. The type of this study was qualitative research with a descriptive method. Primary data were obtained through library research related to the works of an-NajjÄr and interpretations of the Qur’an and hadith, while articles and books were used as secondary data. The employed research approaches were the character approach to study the history, ideas, and socio-historical conditions of ZaghlÅ«l an-NajjÄr, the exegesis approach to study the content of the Qur’an, and the scientific approach to understand and reveal the meaning of the verses of the Qur’an. This study concludes that the inheritance of human traits in the Q.S. An-Nisa’ verse 1 according to ZaghlÅ«l an-NajjÄr is in the words “al-nafs al-wÄḥidah†(one soul), which means all humans come from the first created creatures, namely Adam. Likewise, the creation of Eve is explained in the words “wa khalaqa minhÄ zaujahĆ(and We created his wife from himself).

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Sabil Mokodenseho, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Sekolah Pascasarjana

References

Aḥmad, YÅ«sÅ«f Al-HÄjj. Musū’ah Al-I’jÄz Al-‘IlmÄ« FÄ« Al-Qur’Ān Al-KarÄ«m Wa Al-Sunnah Al-Muá¹­ahharah. DamaskÅ«s: Maktabah Ibn Ḥajr, 2003.

Al-BukhÄrÄ«, Abu Abdillah. á¹¢aḥiḥ Al-BukhÄrÄ«. Beirut: DÄr Ibn KasÄ«r, 2002.

Al-GhazÄlÄ«, Muḥammad. IḥyÄ’ ‘UlÅ«m Al-DÄ«n. Kairo: DÄr al-ḤadÄ«ts, 1997.

———. JawÄhir Al-Qur’Än. BeirÅ«t: DÄr IḥyÄ’ al-‘UlÅ«m, 1999.

Al-Iskandarānī, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad. Kashf Al-Asrār Al-Nūrānīyah Al-Qurʼānīyah : Fīmā Yataʻallaq Bi-Al-Ajrām Al-Samāwīyah Wa-Al-Arḍīyah Wa-Al-Ḥayawānāt Wa-Al-Nabātāt Wa-Al-Jawāhir Al-Maʻdanīyah. Mesir: al-Maṭbaʻah al-Wahabīyah, 1879.

Al-JumaÄ«lÄ«, Sayyid. Al-I’jÄz Al-‘IlmÄ« FÄ« Al-Qur’Ān Al-KarÄ«m. BeirÅ«t: DÄr wa Maktabah al-HilÄl, 1992.

Al-Qaraá¸awi, YÅ«suf. KaifÄ Nata’Ämal Maâ€™Ä Al-Qur’Än Al-‘Aẓīm. Kairo: DÄr al-SyurÅ«q, 2000.

Al-RÄzÄ«, Fakhr al-DÄ«n. TafsÄ«r Al-KabÄ«r MafÄtīḥ Al-GhaÄ«b. BeirÅ«t: DÄr al-FÄ«kr, 2005.

An-NajjÄr, ZaghlÅ«l RÄghib Muḥammad. Al-ArḠFÄ« Al-Qur’Än Al-KarÄ«m. BeirÅ«t: DÄr al-Ma’rifah, 2005.

———. Al-I’jÄz Al-‘Ilmi FÄ« Al-Sunnah Al-Nabawiyyah. Jakarta: Amzah, 2006.

———. Al-I’jÄz Al-IlmÄ« FÄ« Al-Sunnah Al-Nabawiyyah. Mesir: DÄr Nahdhoh Misr, 2012.

———. Min Ä€yÄt Al-I’jÄz Al-‘IlmÄ« Al-ḤayawÄn FÄ« Al-Qur’Ān Al-KarÄ«m. BeirÅ«t: DÄr al-Ma’rifah, 2006.

———. á¹¢uwar Min Tasbīḥ Al-KÄinÄt LillÄh. Mesir: DÄr Nahdhoh Misr, 2003.

———. TafsÄ«r Al-Ä€yÄt Al-Kauniyyah FÄ« Al-Qur’Än Al-KarÄ«m. 1st ed. Kairo: Maktabah al-SyurÅ«q al-DaÅ«liyah, 2007.

At-Tirmidzi, Abu ‘Isa. Al-JÄmi’ Al-KabÄ«r. Beirut: DÄr al-Garb al-IslÄmÄ«, 1996.

Azhar, Tauhid Nur, and Eman Sulaiman. The Secret of Mother-Organela Cinta. Jakarta: Salamadani, 2010.

Back, Mitja D. “Social Interaction Processes and Personality.†In The Handbook of Personality Dynamics and Processes, 183–226. Elsevier, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813995-0.00008-X.

Assabile. “Biography of ZaghlÅ«l RÄghib Muḥammad An-NajjÄr.†Accessed January 30, 2022. http://www.assabile.com/zaghloul-el-naggar-316/zaghloul-el-naggar.htm.

Cobb, Matthew. “Heredity before Genetics: A History.†Nature Reviews Genetics 7, no. 12 (December 2006): 953–58. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg1948.

Cohut, Maria. “What Are the Health Benefits of Being Social?†Medical News Today, February 23, 2018. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321019.php.

Danylova, T. V., and S. V. Komisarenko. “Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, Rosalind Franklin and the Birth of Molecular Biology.†The Ukrainian Biochemical Journal 92, no. 4 (September 10, 2020): 154–65. https://doi.org/10.15407/ubj92.04.154.

Difdha’, Bassam. Al-Kaun Wa Al-InsÄn Bain Al-‘Ilm Wa Al-Qur’Ān. Damaskus: Matba’ah al-SyÄm, 1983.

Fayyadh, Muhammad. I’jÄz Ä€yÄt Al-Qur’Än FÄ« BayÄn Khalq Al-InsÄn. Kairo: DÄr al-SyurÅ«q, 1999.

Frezza, Giulia, and Mauro Capocci. “Thomas Hunt Morgan and the Invisible Gene: The Right Tool for the Job.†History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 40, no. 2 (June 24, 2018): 31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40656-018-0196-z.

Galton, Francis. “I. Experiments in Pangenesis, by Breeding from Rabbits of a Pure Variety, into Whose Circulation Blood Taken from Other Varieties Had Previously Been Largely Transfused.†Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 19, no. 123–129 (December 31, 1871): 393–410. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspl.1870.0061.

Hajjaj, Muslim Ibn. á¹¢aḥiḥ Muslim. Riyadh: DÄr Ṭayyibah li al-Nasyr wa al-Tauzī’, 2006.

Hardy, Paul A., and Helmut Zacharias. “Walther Flemming on Histology in Medicine 1878: A Newly Discovered Letter to His Father.†Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 191, no. 2 (April 2009): 171–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aanat.2009.01.002.

Have, Henk ten, and Maria do Céu Patrão Neves. “Social Ethics.†Dictionary of Global Bioethics, 2021, 951–951. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54161-3_469.

Kementrian Agama RI. Al-Qur’Än Dan Terjemahnya. Jakarta: Jamunu, 1971.

Kremer, J. “Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, The Founder of ‘Spermatology.’†In Immunological Influence on Human Fertility: Proceedings of the Workshop on Fertility in Human Reproduction, 3–12. Elsevier, 1977. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-7295-0006-7.50005-7.

Li, Jialin. “Humans as Social Beings-From ‘People First’ to ‘People-Centered.’†Scientific and Social Research 2, no. 2 (September 23, 2020): 43–46. https://doi.org/10.36922/ssr.v2i2.957.

Marsh, M. D. “Mendel’s Principles of Heredity.†East African Geographical Review 2, no. 3 (1911): 52–60. https://doi.org/10.10520/AJA19376812_341.

Martins, L.A.-C.P. “Did Sutton and Boveri Propose the So-Called Sutton-Boveri Chromosome Hypothesis?†Genetics and Molecular Biology 22, no. 2 (June 1999): 261–72. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-47571999000200022.

Mayr, Ernst. “Joseph Gottlieb Kolreuter’s Contributions to Biology.†Osiris 2 (January 1986): 135–76. https://doi.org/10.1086/368655.

Mazzarello, Paolo. “A Unifying Concept: The History of Cell Theory.†Nature Cell Biology 1, no. 1 (May 1999): E13–15. https://doi.org/10.1038/8964.

Mutawalli, Ahmad Musthafa. Mausū’ah Al-Zahabiyyah FÄ« I’jÄz Al-Qur’Än Al-KarÄ«m Wa Al-Sunnah Al-Nabawiyyah. Kairo: DÄr Ibn al-JauzÄ«, 2005.

Nkrumah, Gamal Gorkeh. “ZaghlÅ«l RÄghib Muḥammad An-NajjÄr: Scientific Being.†Al-Ahram Weekly, November 17, 2005. https://www.masress.com/en/ahramweekly/15153.

Olby, R. C. “Charles Darwin’s Manuscript of Pangenesis.†The British Journal for the History of Science 1, no. 3 (June 5, 1963): 251–63. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007087400001497.

Punnett, R. C. “Ovists and Animalculists.†The American Naturalist 62, no. 683 (November 1928): 481–507. https://doi.org/10.1086/280227.

Roll-Hansen, Nils. “The Holist Tradition in Twentieth Century Genetics. Wilhelm Johannsen’s Genotype Concept.†The Journal of Physiology 592, no. 11 (June 1, 2014): 2431–38. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2014.272120.

Schwarzbach, E., P. Smýkal, O. Dostál, M. Jarkovská, and S. Valová. “Gregor J. Mendel – Genetics Founding Father.†Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 50, no. 2 (June 12, 2014): 43–51. https://doi.org/10.17221/54/2014-CJGPB.

Shahhosseini, Habib, and Aysan Taghizadeh Mosen. “Identifying Effective Elements of Women’s Social Interactions in Cultural Centres.†Indoor and Built Environment 31, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): 279–87. https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326X211010277.

Shihab, Muhammad Quraish. Mukjizat Al-Qur’Än: Ditinjau Dari Aspek Kebahasaan, Isyarat Ilmiah, Dan Pemberitaan Gaib. Bandung: Mizan, 2003.

———. Wawasan Al-Qur’Än. Bandung: Mizan, 1998.

Speybroeck, Linda van, Dani de Waele, and Gertrudis van de Vijver. “Theories in Early Embryology.†Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 981, no. 1 (January 24, 2006): 7–49. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04910.x.

Stenseth, Nils Chr., Leif Andersson, and Hopi E. Hoekstra. “Gregor Johann Mendel and the Development of Modern Evolutionary Biology.†Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119, no. 30 (July 26, 2022): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2201327119.

Thayyarah, Nadiyyah. MusuÄ’ah Al-I’jÄz Al-Qur’Än. Jakarta: Zaman, 2014.

Troyer, Angela K. “The Health Benefits of Socializing.†Psychology Today, June 30, 2016. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/living-mild-cognitive-impairment/201606/the-health-benefits-socializing.

Wang, Tiffany. “Good Theory Gone Bad--Preformationism.†Essai 16, no. 29 (2018): 80–81. https://dc.cod.edu/essai/vol16/iss1/29.

Weismann, August. The Germ-Plasm: A Theory of Heredity. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1893.

Zamzami, Mukhammad, Abdullah HosseiniEskandian, Hossein Gholizadeh, Mohammad Moradi Shariati, Muktafi Muktafi, and Abd A’la. “Physical and Spiritual Dimensions of Happiness in the Thought of Al-FÄrÄbÄ« and Ibn SÄ«nÄ.†Teosofia: Indonesian Journal of Islamic Mysticism 10, no. 2 (December 27, 2021): 229–48. https://doi.org/10.21580/TOS.V10I2.8629.

Downloads

Published

2022-09-17

How to Cite

Arib, J. M., Khairiyah, N., Suryadinata, M., & Mokodenseho, S. (2022). The Inheritance of Human Traits in the Qur’an Based on the Scientific Interpretation of ZaghlÅ«l Rāghib Muḥammad an-Najjār. AL QUDS : Jurnal Studi Alquran Dan Hadis, 6(2), 863–886. https://doi.org/10.29240/alquds.v6i2.4199

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022)

Section

Articles

Citation Check

License

Authors who publish with AL QUDS : Jurnal Studi Alquran dan Hadis agree to the following terms:
  • Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).